High-Efficiency Particulate Air — a filtration standard requiring 99.97% capture of 0.3 micron particles.

HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air) is a filtration standard requiring a filter to capture at least 99.97% of particles 0.3 microns in size. True HEPA filters roughly equal MERV 17+ ratings.

HEPA filters are typically too restrictive for direct installation in residential HVAC systems — they cause excessive static pressure that starves the blower. The right way to get HEPA-level filtration in a Colorado home is usually:

  • MERV 13 in the main HVAC filter slot
  • Standalone HEPA air purifiers in bedrooms during wildfire smoke events
  • Whole-home HEPA bypass systems (more expensive, professional install required)

Watch for “HEPA-Type” Marketing

Filters labeled “HEPA-type” or “HEPA-like” are NOT true HEPA. True HEPA requires lab-tested 99.97% capture at 0.3 microns. Reputable brands print the actual capture percentage on the label.

Related: MERV, IAQ.

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